Prevalencia y manifestaciones del acoso en la escuela secundaria: un estudio con estudiantes mozambiqueños.

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15536/reducarmais.9.2025.4085

Palabras clave:

Acoso escolar, Prevalencia, Enseñanza Secundaria, Mozambique

Resumen

El acoso escolar es ampliamente reconocido como un gran problema psicosocial con consecuencias negativas sustanciales para los alumnos. A pesar de que se ha investigado mucho sobre él en los países desarrollados, en Mozambique todavía se ha investigado poco. En este artículo, evaluamos la prevalencia del acoso escolar y sus manifestaciones en un grupo de estudiantes de enseñanza secundaria de Moçambique. La muestra del estudio estuvo compuesta por 271 alumnos de 8.º, 9.º y 10.º años, procedentes de institutos de la ciudad de Montepuez, en la región norte de Mozambique. Los análisis indicaron una prevalencia global del acoso escolar del 69,4 % en los últimos meses. Se encontró una prevalencia del 100 % de víctimas, del 39,5 % de agresores y del 50,2 % de espectadores/testigos. Los chicos demostraron una mayor probabilidad de ser agresores y espectadores en comparación con las chicas. Los alumnos de 9.º año, con una media de 15,4 años, presentaron mayor implicación en actos de bullying que los compañeros de 8.º año (14,0 años) y de 10.º año (16,1 años). El alumno de menor edad disminuyó su implicación en experiencias de acoso. En cuanto a la estructura familiar, los alumnos de familias con más hermanos y monoparentales (madre) tuvieron más posibilidades de sufrir agresiones y de ser víctimas, respectivamente. No se constataron diferencias significativas en la incidencia del bullying entre los alumnos de centros urbanos y periurbanos. Tomados en conjunto, los resultados demuestran que el bullying es una práctica frecuente en el contexto escolar, lo que subraya la necesidad de aplicar medidas educativas dirigidas a reducir este tipo de violencia.

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Biografía del autor/a

Elias Fundice, Universidade Rovuma - Moçambique

Mestre em Educação/Psicologia Educacional pela Universidade Licungo -Moçambique. Licenciado em Psicologia Escolar pela Universidade Pedagógica Delegação de Quelimane. Docente da Universidade Rovuma - Moçambique.

Silvina Américo Fernandes , Médicos sem Fronteiras - Montepuez

Graduada em Psicologia Educacional com Habilitações em intervenção de Desenvolvimento Humano e Aprendizagem pela Universidade Rovuma – Moçambique. Psicóloga na Médicos sem Fronteiras - Montepuez.

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Publicado

2025-01-16

Cómo citar

Fundice, E., & Fernandes , . S. A. . (2025). Prevalencia y manifestaciones del acoso en la escuela secundaria: un estudio con estudiantes mozambiqueños. Educar Mais, 9, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.15536/reducarmais.9.2025.4085

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